Apply place-value knowledge to known additive and multiplicative number facts (scaling facts by 1 tenth or 1 hundredth)

What this means, in plain words

Scaling makes something a number of times larger or smaller while keeping the proportions the same.

Multiplication is repeated addition of equal groups. Division shares a total into equal groups, or works out how many groups fit.

Number work here is about how our number system is built, and about knowing what a number is worth rather than just how it is spelled.