Identify multiples and factors, including finding all factor pairs of a number, and common factors of two numbers

What this means, in plain words

A multiple of a number is what you get when you multiply it by a whole number, so 12 is a multiple of 3.

A factor is a whole number that divides into another exactly, with nothing left over.

Multiplication is repeated addition of equal groups. Division shares a total into equal groups, or works out how many groups fit.